Multimodal analgesia incorporates the use of analgesic adjuncts with different mechanisms
of action to enhance postoperative pain management. Acetaminophen, anti-inflammatories,
and gabapentinoids provide effective analgesia while reducing opioid requirements
and opioid-related side effects. Intrathecal morphine and periarticular local anesthetic
infiltration further enhance dynamic analgesia and improve postoperative mobilization.
Epidural analgesia, peripheral nerve blocks, tramadol, ketamine, and/or clonidine
can be added for improved benefit in opioid-tolerant individuals.
Keywords
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